Background Since the validity of Law Number 20 of 2011 on Condominium (“Condominium Law”) , there are a lot of changes as the consequence to the revocation of Law Number 16 of 1985 on Condominium which is the previous regulation on condominum. One of the changes are...
Article 1 Paragraph 7 of Government Regulation of Republic Indonesia on Condominium (“GR 4/1988”) explains the definition of Proportional Comparison Value, is number which shows a comparison between condominium units toward the right upon the common part, common properties, and common lands.
Proportional Comparison Value may be calculated by using 2 (two) ways, which are:
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1. Based on the related amount or value of condominium units towards the total amount of building area.
2. The comprehensive value of condominium at the first time when the developer calculates the total construction costs to determine its selling price
The elucidation in the Article above states that
Proportional Comparison Value from condominium units as referred is calculated when the time developer calculates the total development cost. The price of each unit condominium towards the price of common part, common property, and common lands at the time of calculation of total development cost is used as the basis of Proportional Comparison Value. The Proportional Comparison Value is used as a basis for conducting the separation and the issuance of “Certificate of Condominium Units”, and also as a basis for determining rights and obligations of ownership and management of common part, common property, and common land.
Sofie Widyana P.
Condominium is a multistory building for residential purpose, which every unit of it can be owned separately. As a residential building that can be owned separately, tenants of condominium have boundaries in making use of spaces and facilities inside of condominium. In a condominium there are common equipment, common facility, and common land. Those things are shared rights of a condominium which cannot be owned individually because they are one functional unit of condominium that cannot be separated.
Owner and/or tenant of a strata title unit has rights and obligations that are regulated by Government Regulation No. 4 of 1988 on Condominium (the “GR No. 4 of 1988”). Some of the regulations are mentioned below.
Article 61 GR No. 4 of 1988,
Paragraph (1)
Every tenant has the right to:
make use of condominium and its environment including common equipment, common facility, and common land safely and orderly;
to get protection as stated in its Article of Association and Bylaws;
to choose and be appointed as the management of Tenant Association.
Paragraph (2)
Every tenant has the obligation to:
obey and execute the regulation in a condominium and its environment in accordance with its Article of Association and Bylaws;
pay the contribution for management and fire insurance premium;
take care of the condominium and its environment including the common equipment, common facility, and common land.
Paragraph (3)
Every tenant is prohibited to:
act or do something which can endanger the security, the order, and the safety of other tenants, building and its environment;
modify the shape and/or adding building parts outside their strata title unit without the permission of the Tenant Association.
Other right which is not regulated in the paragraph mentioned above is that tenant who is also a member of Tenant Association has the right to vote. Tenant can use their right to vote in a General Meeting of the Tenant Association.
The right to vote consists of 3 (three) categories, as follows:
1. Residential Vote (Hak Suara Penghunian)
This is the right of member of Tenant Association to vote in order to determine issues on condominium’s order, the use of facility, and the obligation to pay contribution for management and fire insurance premium for shared rights such as common equipment, common facility and common land. Every owner of strata title unit can only cast one vote.
2. Management Vote (Hak Suara Pengelolaan)
This is the right of member of Tenant Association to vote in order to determine issues on maintenance, renovation, and the development of environment infrastucture, including social facilities, common equipment, common facility, and common land. Management Vote is counted according to its proportional comparative value from every strata title unit.
3. Ownership Vote (Hak Suara Pemilikan)
This is the right of member of Tenant Association to vote in order to determine issues on the relationship between tenant, the appointment of management of Tenant Association, and expenses of strata title unit. Ownership Vote is counted according to its proportional comparative value from every strata title unit.
According to the explanation above, every owner and/or tenant of strata title unit has rights and obligations which have been regulated by law. These regulations has a binding power with legal sanction, especially for obligations, which has to be executed by the owner and/or tenant of strata title unit.
The legal sanction related to tenant’s obligations is regulated under Article 77 GR No. 4 of 1988. Article (1) from the paragraph says, “anyone who violates the provisions of Article 30, Article 31, Article 34, Article 35 paragraph (1) and paragraph (3), Article 38 paragraph (2), Article 39 paragraph (1), Article 61 paragraph (2) and paragraph (3) and Article 67, is charged with a maximum inprisonment of 1 (one) year and/or a maximum fine of Rp.1.000.000,- (one million Rupiah).
Ardhityo Rompas