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Under Article 21 of Government Regulation No. 40 of 1996 on Right to Cultivate, Right to Build and Right to Use Over Land (“GR 40/1996“), land which may be granted by Right to Build (“HGB”) is: state land; right to manage land; right of ownership land. Then based on...
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The right of a land can be upgraded or downgraded. This can be done in accordance with the interest of the right’s holder of that particular land. A right of land is downgraded to fulfill the needs of the right of land’s holder which might not qualify to hold a...
Under Article 1 of Law Number 20 of 1961 on Revocation of Rights of Land and/or Objects Over the Land (“Law No.20/1961”), President in an urgent circumstance after hearing the Minister of Agrarian Affairs, Minister of Justice and the related Minister may revoke the rights of land and/or objects over the land. Revocation of rights of land and objects over the land can be performed if the land and/or objects over the land are needed for public interest, including the nation’s interests and the common interests of the people, as well as for development purposes.
Submission of the Request of Revocation of Rights of Land
Under Article 2 of Law No.20/1961, the request of revocation of rights of land and/or objects over the land is proposed by an interested party to the President with the intercession of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs (now the Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia), through the Head of Inspection Agrarian (now the Local Office of Provincial National Land Agency). The request is accompanied with:
land-use plan and the reasons;
information about the owner of the rights, and location of the land, size of the land, and the type of right of land that will be revoked;
shelter plan for the party whose rights will be revoked.
The Process of Revocation of Rights of Land
After receiving the submission of request for revocation of rights of land, the Local Office of Provincial National Land Agency asks for the consideration of Local Government’s Head to give its consideration about the request of revocation of rights of land. However, the Local Office of Provincial National Land Agency also asks for the consideration of the appraiser committee to estimate the compensation costs.
Within a period not later than 3 (three) months, the Local Government’s Head should have submitted its consideration and the appraiser committee has to tell the estimation of the compensation costs to the Local Office of Provincial National Land Agency. After obtaining the consideration and estimation of the compensation costs, the Local Office of Provincial National Land Agency submits the request for revocation of rights of land to the Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia.
If within 3 (three) months the Local Government’s Head and appraiser committee has not submitted its consideration, the Local Office of Provincial National Land Agency may submit the request for revocation of rights of land to the head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia, without waiting for the consideration from the Local Government’s Head and appraiser committee.
Head of National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia submits the request for revocation of rights of land to the President accompanied with the consideration of Minister of Justice and the related Minister. Submission of revocation of rights of land must be implemented to obtain the President’s decision regarding the revocation of rights of land.
Revocation of Rights of Land in an Urgent Circumstances
Under Article 6 of the Law No.20/1961, it regulates that in urgent circumstances, the Local Office of Provincial National Land Agency, after receiving a request for revocation of rights of land, can directly propose the request of revocation of rights of land to the Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia without the consideration of Local Government’s Head and the estimation of the compensation from appraiser committee.
Based on the request, the Head of National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia issued a decision letter that provides permission for the interested party to control the land and the object over the land. The decision letter will be followed by presidential decision on the request of revocation of rights of land to be granted or rejected. If the request is rejected, the interested party has to return the land and/or related object to its original condition, and/or give equivalent compensation to the owner of the rights of land.
Decree of the Head of National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia on the revocation of rights of land is published in the State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia and its derivatives will be given to the owner of rights of land and/or objects whose rights were revoked. The content of the decision letter also be announced through the newspapers. The cost of the announcement is carried out by the interested party.
Compensation
Under Article 8 of Law No.20/1961, if the owner of the rights of land whose land will be revoked does not accept compensation because the amount of the compensation is considered less, then he can propose for appeal to the High Court that jurisdiction covers the location of the land and/or related object. The court will determine the amount of compensation.
After the decision letter of the revocation of rights of land is implemented and the compensation is paid, then the land which right of land is revoked is directly controlled by the state.
Maria Amanda
Under Article 1 number 6 of Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 on Land Registration (“GR No. 24/1997″), physical data is the information of location, boundary and area of land and registered condominium unit, including information of building or part of building over it.
Whereas, under Article 1 number 7 of GR No. 24/1997, juridical data is the information of legal status of land and registered condominium unit, its right holder and other rights and other burdens which are burdening the land.
The requirement and procedure to obtain the information of physical data and juridical data is regulated in the Agrarian State Minister Regulation/Head of National Land Agency Number 3 of 1997 on the Implementation Provision of Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 on Land Registration (“Agrarian State Minister Regulation No. 3/1997”).
Under Article 187 of Agrarian State Minister Regulation No. 3/1997, the information of physical data and juridical data in land registration map, land register, measure letter and land book are open to the public. The requirement to obtain information of physical data and juridical data of land is a written application by mentioning of its need, except the Information Letter of Land Registration (SKPT) which is granted for a certificate’s examination by Land Conveyancing Officer (Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah/ PPAT) does not need a written application. The information may also be granted to the interested parties by visually or in writing. If the information is granted in writing, then it shall be granted in the form of Information Letter of Land Registration (SKPT).
Under Article 191 of Agrarian State Minister Regulation No. 3/1997, the physical data and juridical data which are listed in the name’s list may only be granted to the Government agency which requires for implementing their duty. The procedure of its application is by submitting the application which states the related need. The application is fulfilled after it is approved by the Head of Land Agency.
Alsha Alexandra Kartika
Background
The regulation on breaking, separation, and merging of land is contained in the Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 on Land Registration (“GR No. 24/1997”) and the Agrarian State Minister Regulation/Head of National Land Agency Number 3 of 1997 on the Implementation of Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 on Land Registration (“Agrarian State Minister Regulation No. 3/1997”).
I. The Breaking of Land Field
The breaking of land field is regulated in Article 48 of GR No. 24/1997 and Article 133 of Agrarian State Minister Regulation No. 3/1997.
GR No. 24/1997 and Agrarian State Minister Regulation No. 3/1997 do not mention the exact meaning of breaking of land. However, under the provision in the Article 48 paragraph (1) of GR No. 24/1997, it can be concluded that the breaking of land is the breaking of one land which has been registered into some area of land as requested by the right holder.
The Requirements for Breaking of Land, as follows:
Shall be in accordance with the applicable spatial plan and shall not cause non implementation of the law and regulation.
For its registration, each land is granted a new right number and created a measurement letter, a book of land and a new certificate, as a substitute of the previous right number, measurement letter, land book, and certificate. The previous measurement letter, book of land, and certificate of land right is not longer valid.
If the land right concerned is encumbered by mortgage, and/or other registered encumbrance, the breaking of land is implemented after obtaining the written approval from mortgage holder or other parties who is authorized to approve the removal of the encumbrance.
In implementating the breaking of land, as long as it is related to agricultural land, it shall note the provision of minimum limit in accordance with prevailing laws and regulation.
The application of the breaking of land that has been registered, is filed by the right holder or their proxy with the statement of breaking interest and attaching the following:
Certificate of right of land concerned;
The applicant identity;
Written approval of mortgage holder, if the land right concerned is encumbered through mortgage.
The Legal Consequence of the Breaking of Land Field [Note: ini maksudnya judul atau apa ya?]
The legal consequence of breaking of land is each part of land is a new unit of area of land with the equal legal status to the previous area of land.
II. The Separation of Land
The separation of land is regulated in the Article 49 of GR No.24/1997 and Article 134 of Agrarian State Minister Regulation No. 3/1997.
GR No. 24/1997 and Agrarian State Minister Regulation No. 3/1997 do not mention the exact meaning of separation of land. However, under the provision in the Article 49 paragraph (1) of GR No. 24/1997, it can be concluded that separation of land is the separation of one land that has been registered into a part or some parts as requested by the right holder.
The Requirements for Separation of Land Field, as follows:
1. For the registration, it is granted a right number and created its measurement letter, book of land and a separate certificate.
2. On the registration map, land register, measurement letter, book of land and certificate of land is recorded a note on separation of land.
3. The record of mortgage and other encumbrance that exists on the master book of land and master certificate of land, is recorded on a separate book of land and certificate of land.
4. The attachments that should be made in the separation of land are:
a. The master certificate of land right,
b. The applicant identity,
c. The written approval from mortgage holder, if the right of land is encumbered by mortgage.
d. A written power of attorney if the application is not filed by the right holder.
The Legal Consequence of Separation of Land
1. The equality of legal status between area of land or areas of land that are separated from its master area of land.
2. In the matter of separation of vast area of land, which is taken a part of their land to become a new unit of new area of land, the master area of land is still existed and its identity does not change, except for its width and limit.
III. The Merging of Land
The merging of land is regulated in the Article 50 of GR No. 24/1997 and Article 135 of Agrarian State Minister Regulation No. 3/1997.
GR No. 24/1997 and Agrarian State Minister Regulation No. 3/1997 do not mention the exact meaning of merging of land. However, under the provision in the Article 50 paragraph (1) of GR No. 24/1997, it can be concluded that the merging of land is the merging of two or more land that has been registered and its located is adjacent, and all of them is for and on behalf of the same owner, so that it becomes a new unit as requested by the right holder.
The Requirements for Merger of Land, as follows:
1. All of land unit are owned by the same owner and has the same term.
2. For the registration, it is granted the right number and created the new measurement letter, book of land, and certificate.
3. The registration is performed with statement that the measurement letter, book of land, and certificate of land that has been merged is no longer valid.
4. Creating the new measurement letter, book of land and new certificate for merged land.
5. The attachments that must be made in the merging of land are:
a. The certificates of land that will be merged,
b. The applicant identity.
6. May be performed if there is no record of mortgage or other encumbrance over the right of land that will be merged.
Legal Consequence of Merging of Land
The legal consequence of merging of land is the equatlity of legal status of the land as a result of merger with the status of merged land.
Alsha Alexandra Kartika